Spinning machine (spinning machine of chemical fibre) is a type of fiber-forming polymer solution or melt filament forming machine. Depending on the fiber spinning process, the spinning machine is divided into wet spinning machine, a melt spinning machine, three types of dry spinning machine.

Wet spinning machine

Suitable for viscose fibers, acrylic fibers, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. spinning. The main features of the polymer solution is extruded through the orifice, the solidifying solution into the coagulation bath the nascent fiber, low speed spinning, often 100 m / min or less, high speed spinning at speeds up to 200 m / min or so. Wet spinning machine is divided into two kinds of short fiber length of fiber.

① staple fiber spinning machine: the dope from the infusion tube introduced precisely metered by the metering pump, filtered through the filter into the spinneret, extruded through the orifice small streams into a coagulation bath, solidified nascent fiber through godet collection into bundles and then washed or stretched. Features short fiber spinning machine is spinning head spinneret (board) many holes, typically 3000 to tens of thousands of holes.

② filament spinning machine: the short fiber spinning machine is different is increased after solidification mechanism for winding filaments. From the coagulation bath after washing out the yarn godet, the funnel through the guide wire into the vertical reciprocating motion of the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal tank. Such centrifugal spinning machine called a tank spinning machine; if the filament winding through godets on the bobbin, bobbin type is called spinning machine; as part of post-processing features before winding process, called semi-continuous spinning machine; spinning and post-processing if all processes are continuously on the spinning machine completed, it is called continuous spinning machine. Viscose cord production use more continuous spinning machine. Spinning filament spinneret hole 150 is generally below the cord fiber spinning holes of up to 3000 holes.

Melt spinning machine

For polyester, nylon and polypropylene and other spinning equipment. Characterized by a melt flow in case of cold solidified into fine fibers, cold is the high efficiency filter, regulator valve, deflector evenly after blowing fine streams. Higher spinning speeds, typically 600 to 1500 m / min. Melt spinning machine, there are two.

① filament spinning machine: polymer chips from the hopper into the screw extruder after melted by the screw advance via catheter into the spinning beam. In a case conveying melt spinning pump to a spinneret dosed over (plate), by a thin melt stream extruded spinning holes in the spinning window encounter the cold air cooled and solidified into a fiber, after the oil volume rewind mechanism is wound on the bobbin. Filament spinneret holes is generally several tens hole to hole. Spinning up to 200 holes cord around when only one hole when brown silk spinning, this time with a trickle of melt water bath cools and solidifies into filaments. Trend spinning machine melt-spun filaments appeared in the 1970s are: long spinning that each site is equipped with a spinning spinneret 2,3,4,6 or even more, in order to improve the yield of the machine; high-speed spinning silk, spinning speed of 3500 to 4000 m / min, and even up to 5000 m / min or more; large package, a package of cheese per generally up to 10 kilograms to tens of kilograms; continuous, spinning and stretching a spinning machine simultaneously, but also the spinning, stretching, deformation processes are completed on a spinning machine (referred BCF production), in polypropylene and polyamide production has been applied. This machine is compact structure, small footprint, high production efficiency. In addition, the degree of automation of the spinning machine is also rising.

② short fiber spinning machine: Compared with filament spinning machine, which is characterized by a large number of porous spinneret holes is generally 400 to 1100, has now developed into a porous spinning holes up to 4,000; the ring or ring hair blowing hair plus side blowing cooling system in the spin tube, each spinning site no separate winding mechanism, after each part of the warp yarn godet or lesser trochanter, the tractor will tow lead wire feeding wheel, and then laid on the tow wire bucket filled. Wire barrel capacity of up to 450 to 2000 kg. When large-scale production of synthetic staple fiber plant, often using direct spinning method. There has been no melt-spinning short corridor spinning spinning machine.

Dry spinning machine

For filament production of acrylic and polyvinyl alcohol. Dope from the infusion tube through the filter, metering pump and spinneret into the corridor, forming a thin stream of hot air met in the corridor, and solvent evaporation, a thin stream of polymer solidified into a fiber tow is then wound into a certain the package. Dry spinning speed is generally 200 to 800 m / min. In order to meet the needs of special spinning process, the 1970s appeared dry - wet spinning machine.

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